Sunan Ibn Majah
Fasting
كتاب الصيام
Chapter 8
مَا جَاءَ فِي الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Mujahid ibn Musa narrated to us; al-Qasim ibn Malik al-Muzani narrated to us; al-Jurayri narrated to us, from Abu Nadrah, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: In the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), we did not fast a month of twenty-nine days more often than we fasted one of thirty days.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The negative comparison in the Arabic is retained as ‘not more often than’; it is not changed into a claim that twenty-nine-day months were more frequent.
Chapter 9
مَا جَاءَ فِي شَهْرَىِ الْعِيدِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Humayd ibn Mas‘adah narrated to us; Yazid ibn Zuray narrated to us; Khalid al-Hadhdha narrated to us, from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakrah, from his father, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who said: ‘The two festival months do not diminish: Ramadan and Dhu al-Hijjah.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source’s statement that the two months do not diminish is retained without specifying whether it concerns their length or another sense of diminution.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ قَالَ: " شَهْرَا عِيدٍ لاَ يَنْقُصَانِ رَمَضَانُ وَذُو الْحِجَّةِ " .
The source says the two festival months do not diminish but does not state in this wording what kind of diminution is meant.
Does ‘do not diminish’ preserve the wording without narrowing its possible sense?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muhammad ibn Umar ibn Abi Umar al-Muqri narrated to us; Ishaq ibn Isa narrated to us; Hammad ibn Zayd narrated to us, from Ayyub, from Muhammad ibn Sirin, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘The fast-breaking is on the day you break your fast, and the sacrifice is on the day you offer sacrifice.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The concise wording is retained without adding an explanation of how the date is determined.
Chapter 10
مَا جَاءَ فِي الصَّوْمِ فِي السَّفَرِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to us; Waki narrated to us, from Sufyan, from Mansur, from Mujahid, from Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fasted while traveling and also broke his fast.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Abdullah ibn Numayr narrated to us, from Hisham ibn Urwah, from his father, from Aishah, who said: Hamzah al-Aslami asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), ‘I fast; should I fast while traveling?’ He said, ‘If you wish, fast, and if you wish, break your fast.’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muhammad ibn Bashshar narrated to us; Abu Amir narrated to us. Abd al-Rahman ibn Ibrahim and Harun ibn Abdullah al-Hammal also narrated to us; they said: Ibn Abi Fudayk narrated to us. All of them narrated from Hisham ibn Sa‘d, from Uthman ibn Hayyan al-Dimashqi, who said Umm al-Darda narrated to me, from Abu al-Darda, who said: We saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on one of his journeys, on a hot day of intense heat. A man would place his hand on his head because of the severity of the heat. No one among the people was fasting except the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and Abdullah ibn Rawahah.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source’s transmission-route transition is retained, including its statement that all the routes go back through Hisham ibn Sa‘d.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Muhammad ibn al-Sabbah narrated to us; they said: Sufyan ibn Uyaynah narrated to us, from al-Zuhri, from Safwan ibn Abdullah, from Umm al-Darda, from Ka‘b ibn Asim, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘It is not righteousness to fast while traveling.’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muhammad ibn al-Masaffa al-Himsi narrated to us; Muhammad ibn Harb narrated to us, from Ubaydullah ibn Umar, from Nafi‘, from Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘It is not righteousness to fast while traveling.’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ibrahim ibn al-Mundhir al-Hizami narrated to us; Abdullah ibn Musa al-Taymi narrated to us, from Usamah ibn Zayd, from Ibn Shihab, from Abu Salamah ibn Abd al-Rahman, from his father, Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘One who fasts Ramadan while traveling is like one who does not fast while resident.’ Abu Ishaq said: ‘This hadith is of no account.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Abu Ishaq’s closing assessment is translated as a separate statement, not as part of the prophetic quotation.
Chapter 12
مَا جَاءَ فِي الإِفْطَارِ لِلْحَامِلِ وَالْمُرْضِعِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to us; they said: Waki narrated to us, from Abu Hilal, from Abdullah ibn Sawadah, from Anas ibn Malik—a man from Banu Abd al-Ashhal (Ali ibn Muhammad said: from Banu Abd Allah ibn Ka‘b)—who said: The cavalry of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) raided us. I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) while he was eating lunch. He said, ‘Come closer and eat.’ I said, ‘I am fasting.’ He said, ‘Sit down; I will tell you about fasting—or the fast. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has lifted half of the prayer from the traveler, and has lifted fasting from the traveler, the pregnant woman, and the nursing woman.’ By Allah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said both wordings, or one of them. How I regret it—if only I had eaten some of the food of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)!
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Both tribal identifications attached to Anas ibn Malik are preserved as they appear in the source.
The source narrator explicitly says the Prophet may have used both fasting terms or only one; that uncertainty is retained.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Hisham ibn Ammar al-Dimashqi narrated to us; al-Rabi ibn Badr narrated to us, from al-Jurayri, from al-Hasan, from Anas ibn Malik, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) granted permission to a pregnant woman who feared for herself to break her fast, and to a nursing woman who feared for her child to do likewise.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The permission to break the fast is stated once and applies to both women in the Arabic wording.
Chapter 13
مَا جَاءَ فِي قَضَاءِ رَمَضَانَ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ali ibn al-Mundhir narrated to us; Sufyan ibn Uyaynah narrated to us, from Amr ibn Dinar, and from Yahya ibn Sa‘id, from Abu Salamah, who said: I heard Aishah say: ‘When I had fasting to make up from Ramadan, I would not make it up until Sha‘ban came.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The two transmissions through Amr ibn Dinar and Yahya ibn Sa‘id are retained in the chain as stated.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to us; Abdullah ibn Numayr narrated to us, from Ubaydah, from Ibrahim, from al-Aswad, from Aishah, who said: We used to menstruate during the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he would instruct us to make up the fast.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Only making up the fast is mentioned in this source wording; no other act of worship is added.
Chapter 14
مَا جَاءَ فِي كَفَّارَةِ مَنْ أَفْطَرَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Sufyan ibn Uyaynah narrated to us, from al-Zuhri, from Humayd ibn Abd al-Rahman, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, ‘I am ruined.’ He said, ‘What has ruined you?’ The man said, ‘I had intercourse with my wife during Ramadan.’ The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, ‘Free a slave.’ He said, ‘I cannot find one.’ He said, ‘Fast two consecutive months.’ He said, ‘I cannot bear that.’ He said, ‘Feed sixty needy people.’ He said, ‘I cannot find it.’ He said, ‘Sit down.’ So he sat. While he was in that state, a basket called al-Araq was brought. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, ‘Go and give it in charity.’ The man said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, by the One who sent you with the truth, there is no household between its two lava plains that needs it more than we do.’ He said, ‘Go and feed it to your family.’
Harmalah ibn Yahya narrated to us; Abdullah ibn Wahb narrated to us; Abd al-Jabbar ibn Umar narrated to us; Yahya ibn Sa‘id narrated to me, from Ibn al-Musayyab, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), with the same account. He said: ‘And fast one day in its place.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The second transmission route is kept separate and includes its additional wording about fasting one day in place of it.
The source names the basket al-Araq but does not describe its contents or give a quantity; no such details are supplied.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to us; they said: Waki narrated to us, from Sufyan, from Habib ibn Abi Thabit, from Ibn al-Mutawwis, from his father, al-Mutawwis, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Whoever breaks his fast on a day of Ramadan without a concession, a lifetime of fasting will not make it up for him.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic says ‘without a concession’; the type of concession is not specified in this wording.
Chapter 15
مَا جَاءَ فِيمَنْ أَفْطَرَ نَاسِيًا
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Abu Usamah narrated to us, from Awf, from Khilas and Muhammad ibn Sirin, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Whoever eats forgetfully while fasting, let him complete his fast, for Allah has fed him and given him drink.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The names Khilas and Muhammad ibn Sirin are both retained in the chain as transmitted.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to us; they said: Abu Usamah narrated to us, from Hisham ibn Urwah, from Fatimah bint al-Mundhir, from Asma bint Abi Bakr, who said: ‘During the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), we broke our fast on an overcast day, then the sun appeared.’ I asked Hisham, ‘Were they instructed to make it up?’ He said, ‘That must be done.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The closing question and response are kept as a later exchange with Hisham, separate from Asma’s report.
Chapter 16
مَا جَاءَ فِي الصَّائِمِ يَقِيءُ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Ya‘la and Muhammad, the two sons of Ubayd al-Tanafisi, narrated to us; they said: Muhammad ibn Ishaq narrated to us, from Yazid ibn Abi Habib, from Abu Marzuq, who said: I heard Fadalah ibn Ubayd al-Ansari relate that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came out to them on a day he was fasting. He called for a vessel and drank from it. They said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, this is a day you used to fast.’ He said, ‘Yes, but I vomited.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source says only that he vomited; no cause or further consequence is added.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ubaydullah ibn Abd al-Karim narrated to us; al-Hakam ibn Musa narrated to us; Isa ibn Yunus narrated to us. And Ubaydullah narrated to us; Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Sulayman, Abu al-Sha‘tha, narrated to us; Hafs ibn Ghiyath narrated to us. All of them narrated from Hisham, from Ibn Sirin, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who said: ‘Whoever is overcome by vomiting does not have to make up the fast, but whoever induces vomiting must make it up.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The two transmission routes and their convergence through Hisham are retained.
Chapter 17
مَا جَاءَ فِي السِّوَاكِ وَالْكُحْلِ لِلصَّائِمِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Uthman ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Abu Ismail al-Mu’addib narrated to us, from Mujalid, from al-Sha‘bi, from Masruq, from Aishah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Using the toothstick is among the best practices of a fasting person.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source names the siwak; ‘toothstick’ conveys the item without adding a ruling about when it is used.