Fasting
كتاب الصيام
Chapter 47: One who is invited to eat when he is fasting
مَنْ دُعِيَ إِلَى طَعَامٍ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ
“Ifanyoneof you is invited to eat when he is fasting, let him say: ‘I amfasting.’”
“Whoeveris invited to eat when he is fasting, let him accept theinvitation;and if he wants to let him eat, and if he wants let himnot eat.”
Chapter 48: The supplication of the fasting person is not turned back
فِي " الصَّائِمُ لاَ تُرَدُّ دَعَوْتُهُ
There are three whose supplications are not turned back: A justruler, and a fasting person until he breaks his fast. And, thesupplication of one who has been wronged is raised by Allah up to theclouds on the Day of Resurrection, and the gates of heaven are openedfor it, and Allah says, ‘By My Might I will help you (against thewrongdoer) even if it is after a while.’”
“When the fasting person breaks his fast, hissupplication is not turned back.” (One of the narrators) Ibn Abi Mulaikah said: "When he broke his fast, I heard 'Abdullah bin'Amr say: 'O Allah! I ask You by Your mercy, which encompasses all things, to forgive me.'"
Chapter 49: Eating before going out on the day of Fitr
فِي الأَكْلِ يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ
“The Prophet (ﷺ) wouldnot goout on the Day of Fitr until he had eaten some dates.”
“The Prophet (ﷺ) would not goouton the Day of Fitr until he had had given his Companions some ofthecharity of Fitr to eat.”
The Messenger ofAllah (ﷺ) would not go out on the Day of Fitr until he had eaten,and he would not eat on the Day of Nahr (the day of sacrifice) untilhe came back.
Chapter 50: One who dies owing a fast from Ramadan which he neglected
مَنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صِيَامُ رَمَضَانَ قَدْ فَرَّطَ فِيهِ
‘Whoever dies owing the fasts of a month, one poor person shouldbefed on his behalf for each day.”
Chapter 51: One who dies owing a fast that he vowed to observe
مَنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صِيَامٌ مِنْ نَذْرٍ
“A woman came to the Prophet(ﷺ)and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, my sister has died and she owedafast of two consecutive months.’ He said: ‘Do you not think thatifyour sister owed a debt, you would pay it off for her?’ Shesaid: ‘Ofcourse.’ He said: ‘The right of Allah is greater.’”
“A woman cametothe Prophet (ﷺ) and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, my mother hasdied and she owed a fast. Should I fast on her behalf?’ He said:‘Yes.’”
Chapter 52: One who becomes Muslim during the month of Ramadan
فِيمَنْ أَسْلَمَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ
“Our delegation who went to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) toannounce the Islam of Thaqif told us that they came to him inRamadan.He set up a tent for them in the mosque, and when theybecame Muslim,they fasted what was left of the month.”
Chapter 53: A woman who fasts without the permission of her husband
فِي الْمَرْأَةِ تَصُومُ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا
“Whenherhusband is present, no woman should fast any day apart from themonthof Ramadan without his permission.”
“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)forbade women from fasting without the permission of their husbands.”
Chapter 54: One who stays among a people should not fast without their permission
فِيمَنْ نَزَلَ بِقَوْمٍ فَلاَ يَصُومُ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِمْ