Prayer (Kitab Al-Salat)

ʿAbd al-Wahhab ibn ʿAbd al-Hakam al-Khazzaz informed us: ʿAbd al-Majid ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAziz ibn Abi Rawwad informed us, from Ibn Jurayj, from al-Muttalib ibn ʿAbd Allah ibn Hantab, from Anas ibn Malik, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘The rewards of my community were shown to me, even the reward for a man removing a speck of dirt from the mosque. And the sins of my community were shown to me, and I saw no sin greater than a surah or a verse of the Qur’an given to a man and then forgotten by him.’

ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿUmar and Abu Maʿmar narrated to us: ʿAbd al-Warith narrated to us: Ayyub narrated to us, from Nafiʿ, from Ibn ʿUmar, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘If only we left this door for the women.’ Nafiʿ said: Ibn ʿUmar did not enter through it until he died. Those other than ʿAbd al-Warith said: ‘ʿUmar said it,’ and that is more correct.

Muhammad ibn Qudamah ibn Aʿyan narrated to us: Ismaʿil narrated to us, from Ayyub, from Nafiʿ, who said: ʿUmar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said this, in a report of similar meaning, and that is more correct.

Qutaybah—meaning Ibn Saʿid—narrated to us: Bakr—meaning Ibn Mudar—narrated to us, from ʿAmr ibn al-Harith, from Bukayr, from Nafiʿ, that ʿUmar ibn al-Khattab used to forbid entering through the women’s door.

Muhammad ibn ʿUthman al-Dimashqi narrated to us: ʿAbd al-ʿAziz—meaning al-Darawardi—narrated to us, from Rabiʿah ibn Abi ʿAbd al-Rahman, from ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Saʿid ibn Suwayd, who said: I heard Abu Humayd or Abu Usayd al-Ansari say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘When one of you enters the mosque, let him invoke blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then say: “O Allah, open for me the gates of Your mercy.” When he leaves, let him say: “O Allah, I ask You for Your bounty.”’

Ismaʿil ibn Bishr ibn Mansur narrated to us: ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Mahdi narrated to us, from ʿAbd Allah ibn al-Mubarak, from Haywah ibn Shurayh, who said: I met ʿUqbah ibn Muslim and said to him: ‘I heard that you narrated from ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿAmr ibn al-ʿAs, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), that when he entered the mosque he would say: “I seek refuge in Allah the Magnificent, in His noble countenance, and in His eternal authority, from Satan the accursed.”’ He said: ‘Only that?’ I replied: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘When he says that, Satan says: “He has been protected from me for the rest of the day.”’

Al-Qaʿnabi narrated to us: Malik narrated to us, from ʿAmir ibn ʿAbd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, from ʿAmr ibn Sulaym al-Zuraqi, from Abu Qatadah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘When one of you comes to the mosque, let him pray two units of prayer before sitting down.’

Musaddad narrated to us: ʿAbd al-Wahid ibn Ziyad narrated to us: Abu ʿUmays, ʿUtbah ibn ʿAbd Allah, narrated to us, from ʿAmir ibn ʿAbd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, from a man of Banu Zurayq, from Abu Qatadah, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), with a report of similar meaning. He added: ‘Then he may sit afterward, if he wishes, or go about his errand.’

Al-Qaʿnabi narrated to us, from Malik, from Abu al-Zinad, from al-Aʿraj, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘The angels continue invoking blessings upon one of you for as long as he remains in the place where he prayed, provided he does not break his ritual purity or get up: “O Allah, forgive him; O Allah, have mercy on him.”’

Al-Qaʿnabi narrated to us, from Malik, from Abu al-Zinad, from al-Aʿraj, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘One of you remains in prayer as long as the prayer is what keeps him there; nothing prevents him from returning to his family except the prayer.’

Musa ibn Ismaʿil narrated to us: Hammad narrated to us, from Thabit, from Abu Rafiʿ, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘A servant remains in prayer so long as he is in his place of prayer, waiting for the prayer. The angels say: “O Allah, forgive him; O Allah, have mercy on him,” until he leaves or breaks his ritual purity.’ He was asked: ‘What does “breaks his ritual purity” mean?’ He replied: ‘He passes wind, silently or audibly.’

Hisham ibn ʿAmmar narrated to us: Sadaqah ibn Khalid narrated to us: ʿUthman ibn Abi al-ʿAtikah al-Azdi narrated to us, from ʿUmayr ibn Haniʾ al-ʿAnsi, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Whoever comes to the mosque for something, that is his share.’

ʿUbayd Allah ibn ʿUmar al-Jushami narrated to us: ʿAbd Allah ibn Yazid narrated to us: Haywah—meaning Ibn Shurayh—said: I heard Abu al-Aswad—meaning Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Nawfal—say: Abu ʿAbd Allah, the freedman of Shaddad, informed me that he heard Abu Hurayrah say: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘If anyone hears a man announcing a lost item in the mosque, let him say: “May Allah not return it to you,” for mosques were not built for this.’

Muslim ibn Ibrahim narrated to us: Hisham, Shuʿbah, and Aban narrated to us, from Qatadah, from Anas ibn Malik, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Spitting in the mosque is a sin, and its expiation is to conceal it.’

Musaddad narrated to us: Abu ʿAwanah narrated to us, from Qatadah, from Anas ibn Malik, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Spitting in the mosque is a sin, and its expiation is burying it.’

Abu Kamil narrated to us: Yazid—meaning Ibn Zurayʿ—narrated to us, from Saʿid, from Qatadah, from Anas ibn Malik, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Phlegm in the mosque…’ Then he related a report like the preceding one.

Al-Qaʿnabi narrated to us: Abu Mawdud narrated to us, from ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Abi Hadad al-Aslami, who said: I heard Abu Hurayrah say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Whoever enters this mosque and spits or brings up phlegm in it, let him dig and bury it. If he does not do that, let him spit into his garment, then leave with it.’

Hannad ibn al-Sari narrated to us, from Abu al-Ahwas, from Mansur, from Ribʿi, from Tariq ibn ʿAbd Allah al-Muharibi, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘When a man stands for prayer—or when one of you prays—he must not spit in front of himself or to his right. Rather, he may spit to his left, if there is open space, or beneath his left foot; then let him rub it away.’

Sulayman ibn Dawud narrated to us: Hammad narrated to us: Ayyub narrated to us, from Nafiʿ, from Ibn ʿUmar, who said: One day, while the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was delivering a sermon, he saw phlegm toward the qiblah side of the mosque. He became angry with the people, then scraped it away. The narrator said: I think he said that he called for saffron and smeared it there. He said: ‘When any of you prays, Allah is before his face, so let him not spit in front of himself.’ Abu Dawud said: Ismaʿil and ʿAbd al-Warith narrated it from Ayyub, from Nafiʿ; Malik, ʿUbayd Allah, and Musa ibn ʿUqbah narrated from Nafiʿ similarly to Hammad, but they did not mention the saffron. Maʿmar narrated it from Ayyub and affirmed the saffron in it. Yahya ibn Sulaym narrated from ʿUbayd Allah, from Nafiʿ, the word khaluq (saffron-based perfume).

Yahya ibn Habib ibn ʿArabi narrated to us: Khalid—meaning Ibn al-Harith—narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn ʿAjlan, from ʿIyad ibn ʿAbd Allah, from Abu Saʿid al-Khudri, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) liked date-palm stalks and often had one in his hand. He entered the mosque and saw phlegm toward its qiblah side, so he scraped it away. Then he turned to the people angrily and said: ‘Would any of you like someone to spit in his face? When one of you faces the qiblah, he is facing his Lord, Mighty and Majestic, and the angel is to his right. So let him not spit to his right or toward his qiblah, but to his left or beneath his foot. If something urgent comes up for him, let him do this.’ Ibn ʿAjlan demonstrated this for us: he should spit into his garment, then fold one part over another.