Wills and Testaments (Wasaayaa)

كتاب الوصايا

Chapter 1: Al-Wasaya

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah Allaah be upon him) said: "A man's will is written with him." And the saying of Allah Almighty: {It is written to you if one of you attends death, if he leaves a good will to the parents and relatives of what is really known to the pious, then whoever substitutes him after what he heard, it is his sin against those who replace him, if he Allah heard Alim, whoever is afraid of a scoliosis or a sin and reconciles among them, there is no sin against him if Allah forgiving and merciful}. Janfa Mila, Transverse oblique.
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "It is not permissible for any Muslim who has something to will to stay for two nights without having his last will and testament written and kept ready with him."

Narrated `Amr bin Al-Harith

(The brother of the wife of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). Juwaira bint Al-Harith) When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) died, he did not leave any Dirham or Dinar (i.e. money), a slave or a slave woman or anything else except his white mule, his arms and a piece of land which he had given in charity .

Narrated Talha bin Musarrif

I asked `Abdullah bin Abu `Aufa "Did the Prophet (ﷺ) make a will?" He replied, "No," I asked him, "How is it then that the making of a will has been enjoined on people, (or that they are ordered to make a will)?" He replied, "The Prophet (ﷺ) bequeathed Allah's Book (i.e. Qur'an).

Narrated Al-Aswad

In the presence of `Aisha some people mentioned that the Prophet (ﷺ) had appointed `Ali by will as his successor. `Aisha said, "When did he appoint him by will? Verily when he died he was resting against my chest (or said: in my lap) and he asked for a wash-basin and then collapsed while in that state, and I could not even perceive that he had died, so when did he appoint him by will?"

Chapter 2: To leave inheritors wealthy than begging others

Narrated Sa`d bin Abu Waqqas

The Prophet (ﷺ) came visiting me while I was (sick) in Mecca, ('Amir the sub-narrator said, and he disliked to die in the land, whence he had already migrated). He (i.e. the Prophet) said, "May Allah bestow His Mercy on Ibn Afra (Sa`d bin Khaula)." I said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! May I will all my property (in charity)?" He said, "No." I said, "Then may I will half of it?" He said, "No". I said, "One third?" He said: "Yes, one third, yet even one third is too much. It is better for you to leave your inheritors wealthy than to leave them poor begging others, and whatever you spend for Allah's sake will be considered as a charitable deed even the handful of food you put in your wife's mouth. Allah may lengthen your age so that some people may benefit by you, and some others be harmed by you." At that time Sa`d had only one daughter.

Chapter 3: To will one-third of one's property

And the good said that it is permissible for the sake of the thief except the third. And God Almighty said: {And that you are among them with what God has revealed}.
Narrated Ibn `Abbas

I recommend that people reduce the proportion of what they bequeath by will to the fourth (of the whole legacy), for Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "One-third, yet even one third is too much."

Narrated Sa`d

I fell sick and the Prophet (ﷺ) paid me a visit. I said to him, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I invoke Allah that He may not let me expire in the land whence I migrated (i.e. Mecca)." He said, "May Allah give you health and let the people benefit by you." I said, "I want to will my property, and I have only one daughter and I want to will half of my property (to be given in charity)." He said," Half is too much." I said, "Then I will one third." He said, "One-third, yet even one-third is too much." (The narrator added, "So the people started to will one third of their property and that was Permitted for them.")

Chapter 4: The saying of a testator to the executor, "Look after my son,"

Narrated `Aisha

(the wife of the Prophet) `Utba bin Abi Waqqas entrusted (his son) to his brother Sa`d bin Abi Waqqas saying, "The son of the slave-girl of Zam`a is my (illegal) son, take him into your custody." So during the year of the Conquest (of Mecca) Sa`d took the boy and said, "This is my brother's son whom my brother entrusted to me." 'Abu bin Zam's got up and said, "He is my brother and the son of the slave girl of my father and was born on my father's bed." Then both of them came to Allah's Apostle and Sa`d said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! This is my brother's son whom my brother entrusted to me." Then 'Abu bin Zam`a got up and said, "This is my brother and the son of the slave-girl of my father." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "O Abu bin Zam`a! This boy is for you as the boy belongs to the bed (where he was born), and for the adulterer is the stone (i.e. deprivation)." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said to his wife Sauda bint Zam`a, "Screen yourself from this boy," when he saw the boy's resemblance to `Utba. Since then the boy did not see Sauda till he died.

Chapter 5: If a patient gives an evident clear sign by nodding

Narrated Anas

A Jew crushed the head of a girl between two stones. She was asked, "Who has done so to you, soand- so? So-and-so?" Till the name of the Jew was mentioned, whereupon she nodded (in agreement). So the Jew was brought and was questioned till he confessed. The Prophet (ﷺ) then ordered that his head be crushed with stones.

Chapter 6: A legal heir has no right to inherit through a will

Narrated Ibn `Abbas

The custom (in old days) was that the property of the deceased would be inherited by his offspring; as for the parents (of the deceased), they would inherit by the will of the deceased. Then Allah cancelled from that custom whatever He wished and fixed for the male double the amount inherited by the female, and for each parent a sixth (of the whole legacy) and for the wife an eighth or a fourth and for the husband a half or a fourth.

Chapter 7: Giving in charity at the time of death

Narrated Abu Huraira

A man asked the Prophet, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! What kind of charity is the best?" He replied. "To give in charity when you are healthy and greedy hoping to be wealthy and afraid of becoming poor. Don't delay giving in charity till the time when you are on the death bed when you say, 'Give so much to soand- so and so much to so-and so,' and at that time the property is not yours but it belongs to so-and-so (i.e. your inheritors).

Chapter 8: The Statement of Allah aza'wajal: "... After the payment of legacies he may have bequeathed or debts..."

It is remembered that a honest and a life of Umar ibn Abd al -Aziz, a hoax, a giving, and the son of the ears, they have passed away. Al -Hasan said the right of what the man believed is the last day of this world and the first day of the last. Abraham said that if the heir is innocent of the debt, it is innocent. And Rafi ibn Khadija was not revealed that the woman of the Fazariya would not be closed to her door. Al -Hasan said when he said to his mourners with death, I was your fear. jazz. Al -Sha’abi said that when the woman said when her death was that my husband was my judgment and I was arrested from him. jazz. Some people said that it is not permissible for his decree to misunderstand him for the inheritance, then he was improved, and he said that his decree is permissible with the hands of the hands. And the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, said: “You and the thinking, for the thought I have lied to the hadith.” And the money of the Muslims is not permissible for the saying of the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him: “The verse of the hypocrisy is when he believes betrayed.” And God Almighty said: {God commands you to perform the trusts to its people.} So he was not specially inherited or otherwise. In it, Abdullah ibn Amr, on the authority of the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him.
Narrated Abu Huraira

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The signs of a hypocrite are three: Whenever he speaks he tells a lie; whenever he is entrusted he proves dishonest; whenever he promises he breaks his promise."

Chapter 9: The explanantion of the Statement of Allah Taa'la: "... After payment of legacies that they may have bequeathed or debts..."

It is reported that the Prophet (Allah peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) ruled the debt before the commandment. And he said: "The Allah commands you to perform trusts to their families", so the performance of the trust is more worthy than volunteering the will. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah Allaah be upon him) said: "There is no charity except by riches." Ibn 'Abbas said that a slave should not be recommended except with the permission of his family. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah Allaah be upon him) said: "A slave is a shepherd in his master's wealth."
Narrated `Urwa bin Az-Zubair

Hakim bin Hizam said, "I asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) for something, and he gave me, and I asked him again and he gave me and said, 'O Hakim! This wealth is green and sweet (i.e. as tempting as fruits), and whoever takes it without greed then he is blessed in it, and whoever takes it with greediness, he is not blessed in it and he is like one who eats and never gets satisfied. The upper (i.e. giving) hand is better than the lower (i.e. taking) hand." Hakim added, "I said, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! By Him Who has sent you with the Truth I will never demand anything from anybody after you till I die." Afterwards Abu Bakr used to call Hakim to give him something but he refused to accept anything from him. Then `Umar called him to give him (something) but he refused. Then `Umar said, "O Muslims! I offered to him (i.e. Hakim) his share which Allah has ordained for him from this booty and he refuses to take it." Thus Hakim did not ask anybody for anything after the Prophet, till he died--may Allah bestow His mercy upon him.

Narrated Ibn `Umar

I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying, "All of you are guardians and responsible for your charges: the Ruler (i.e. Imam) is a guardian and responsible for his subjects; and a man is a guardian of his family and is responsible for his charges; and a lady is a guardian in the house of her husband and is responsible for her charge; and a servant is a guardian of the property of his master and is responsible for his charge." I think he also said, "And a man is a guardian of the property of his father."

Chapter 10: If somebody founds an endowment (or bequeathes) his relatives by a will

Thabit said from Anas that the Prophet Allah(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to Abu Talha: "Make it for the poor of your relatives." So he made it for Hassan and Ubayy ibn Ka'b. Al-Ansari said, "My father told me about Thumama, about Anas, like a constant hadith that said, "Make it for the poor of your kinship." Anas said and made it to Hassan and Abi bin Kaab, and they were closer to him than me, and he was related to Hassan and my father from Abu Talha and his name was Zaid bin Sahl bin Al-Aswad bin Haram bin Amr bin Zaid Manah bin Uday bin Amr bin Malik bin Al-Najjar, and Hassan bin Thabit bin Al-Mundhir bin Haram so they meet to Haram, who is the third father, and Haram bin Amr bin Zaid Manah bin Uday bin Amr bin Malik bin Al-Najjar, he has intercourse with Hassan Abu Talha and Abi to six fathers to Amr bin Malik, which is Abi bin Kaab bin Qais bin Obaid bin Zaid bin Muawiyah bin Amr bin Malik bin Al-Najjar, Amr bin Malik combines Hassan, Abu Talha and Abia. Some of them said that if he recommended it to his kinship, it is to his fathers in Islam.
Narrated Anas

The Prophet (ﷺ) said to Abu Talha, "I recommend that you divide (this garden) amongst your relatives." Abu Talha said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I will do the same." So Abu Talha divided it among his relatives and cousins. Ibn 'Abbes said, "When the Qur'anic Verse: "Warn your nearest kinsmen." (26.214) Was revealed, the Prophet (ﷺ) started calling the various big families of Quraish, "O Bani Fihr! O Bani Adi!". Abu Huraira said, "When the Verse: "Warn your nearest kinsmen" was revealed, the Prophet (ﷺ) said (in a loud voice), "O people of Quraish!"

Chapter 11: Are children and women included under the term of relatives (concerning wills)

Narrated Abu Huraira

When Allah revealed the Verse: "Warn your nearest kinsmen," Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got up and said, "O people of Quraish (or said similar words)! Buy (i.e. save) yourselves (from the Hellfire) as I cannot save you from Allah's Punishment; O Bani `Abd Manaf! I cannot save you from Allah's Punishment, O Safiya, the Aunt of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I cannot save you from Allah's Punishment; O Fatima bint Muhammad! Ask me anything from my wealth, but I cannot save you from Allah's Punishment."

Chapter 12: Can the founder of an endowment have the benefit of his endowment?

'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) stipulated that there is no ward on the one who is his guardian to eat. It may follow the endower and others. Likewise, whoever makes a fat or something for Allah may benefit from it as he benefits others, even if he does not stipulate.
Narrated Anas

The Prophet (ﷺ) saw a man driving a Badana (i.e. camel for sacrifice) and said to him, "Ride on it." The man said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! It is a Bandana." (The Prophet (ﷺ) repeated his order) and on the third or fourth time he said, "Ride it, (woe to you" or said: "May Allah be merciful to you).

Narrated Abu Huraira

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saw a man driving a Badana and said to him, "Ride on it," and on the second or the third time he added, "Woe to you."

Chapter 13: If one declares his wish to found an endowment

Because 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) stopped and said, "There is no right for the one who is his guardian to eat," and he did not concern that his guardian was 'Umar or anyone else. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah Allaah be upon him) said to Abu Talha: "I see that you should make it in the nearest." And he said, I do. He divided it among his relatives and cousins.