Establishing the Prayer and the Sunnah Regarding Them

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Uthman ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Talhah ibn Yahya narrated to us, from Yunus, from al-Zuhri, from Salim, from Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah said: “Do not raise your eyes to the sky, lest your sight be taken away.” That is, during the prayer.

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Nasr ibn Ali al-Jahdami narrated to us: Abd al-Ala narrated to us: Said narrated to us, from Qatadah, from Anas ibn Malik, who said: One day the Messenger of Allah led his companions in prayer. When he had finished, he turned to the people and said: “What is the matter with people who raise their eyes to the sky?” He spoke sternly about it, saying: “They must stop doing that, or Allah will snatch away their sight.”

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Muhammad ibn Bashshar narrated to us: Abd al-Rahman narrated to us: Sufyan narrated to us, from al-Amash, from al-Musayyab ibn Rafi, from Tamim ibn Tarfah, from Jabir ibn Samurah: The Prophet said: “People must stop raising their eyes to the sky, or their sight will not return to them.”

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Humayd ibn Masadah and Abu Bakr ibn Khallad narrated to us; they said: Nuh ibn Qays narrated to us: Amr ibn Malik narrated to us, from Abu al-Jawza, from Ibn Abbas, who said: A very beautiful woman used to pray behind the Prophet, among the most beautiful of people. Some men would move forward to the first row so as not to see her, while others would move back to the last row. When she bowed, one of them would look from beneath his armpit. Then Allah revealed, concerning her: “We certainly know those of you who come forward, and We certainly know those who lag behind.”

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Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Hisham ibn Ammar narrated to us; they said: Sufyan ibn Uyaynah narrated to us, from al-Zuhri, from Said ibn al-Musayyab, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: A man came to the Prophet and said, Messenger of Allah, can one of us pray in a single garment? The Prophet said: “Does every one of you have two garments?”

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Abu Kurayb narrated to us: Umar ibn Ubayd narrated to us, from al-Amash, from Abu Sufyan, from Jabir: Abu Said al-Khudri narrated to me that he entered upon the Messenger of Allah while he was praying in a single garment draped around himself.

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Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Waki narrated to us, from Hisham ibn Urwah, from his father, from Umar ibn Abi Salamah, who said: I saw the Messenger of Allah praying in a single garment draped around himself, with its two ends placed over his shoulders.

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Abu Ishaq al-Shafii, Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn al-Abbas, narrated to us: Muhammad ibn Hanzalah ibn Muhammad ibn Abbad al-Makhzumi narrated to us, from Maruf ibn Mushkan, from Abd al-Rahman ibn Kaysan, from his father, who said: I saw the Messenger of Allah praying by al-Bir al-Ulya in a single garment.

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Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Muhammad ibn Bishr narrated to us: Amr ibn Kathir narrated to us: Ibn Kaysan narrated to us, from his father, who said: I saw the Prophet praying the noon and afternoon prayers in a single garment wrapped around himself.

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Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Abu Muawiyah narrated to us, from al-Amash, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah said: “When the son of Adam recites a verse of prostration and prostrates, Satan withdraws weeping and says, Woe to him! The son of Adam was commanded to prostrate, and he did so, so Paradise is his. I was commanded to prostrate, but I refused, so the Fire is mine.”

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Abu Bakr ibn Khallad al-Bahili narrated to us: Muhammad ibn Yazid ibn Khunays narrated to us, from al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn Ubaydullah ibn Abi Yazid, who said: Ibn Jurayj said to me, Hasan, tell me what your grandfather, Ubaydullah ibn Abi Yazid, related from Ibn Abbas. He said: I was with the Prophet when a man came to him and said: Last night, in a dream, I saw myself praying toward the base of a tree. I recited a verse of prostration and prostrated, and the tree prostrated when I did. I heard it say, O Allah, remove a burden from me through this, record a reward for me through this, and make it a stored provision for me with You. Ibn Abbas said: I saw the Prophet recite a verse of prostration and prostrate. In his prostration, I heard him say the same words that the man had reported from the tree.

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Ali ibn Amr al-Ansari narrated to us: Yahya ibn Said al-Umawi narrated to us, from Ibn Jurayj, from Musa ibn Uqbah, from Abdullah ibn al-Fadl, from al-Araj, from Ibn Abi Rafi, from Ali: When the Prophet prostrated, he would say: “O Allah, to You I have prostrated, in You I have believed, and to You I have submitted. You are my Lord. My face has prostrated to the One who created its hearing and sight. Blessed is Allah, the best of creators.”

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Harmalah ibn Yahya al-Misri narrated to us: Abdullah ibn Wahb narrated to us: Amr ibn al-Harith informed me, from Ibn Abi Hilal, from Umar al-Dimashqi, from Umm al-Darda, who said: Abu al-Darda told me that he prostrated with the Prophet eleven times, including at Surah al-Najm.

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Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us: Sulayman ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Dimashqi narrated to us: Uthman ibn Faid narrated to us: Asim ibn Raja ibn Haywah narrated to us, from al-Mahdi ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Uyaynah ibn Khater, who said: My paternal aunt, Umm al-Darda, narrated to me, from Abu al-Darda, who said: I prostrated with the Prophet eleven times, none of them in the al-Mufassal section: al-Araf, al-Rad, al-Nahl, Bani Israil, Maryam, al-Hajj, the prostration in al-Furqan, Sulayman—the chapter of al-Naml, al-Sajdah, in Sad, and the prostration in the Hawamim chapters.

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Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us: Ibn Abi Maryam narrated to us, from Nafi ibn Yazid: Al-Harith ibn Said al-Utaqi narrated to us, from Abdullah ibn Munayn—of Banu Abd Kilal—from Amr ibn al-As: The Messenger of Allah taught him fifteen prostrations in the Quran, including three in al-Mufassal and two in al-Hajj.

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Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Sufyan ibn Uyaynah narrated to us, from Ayyub ibn Musa, from Ata ibn Mina, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: We prostrated with the Messenger of Allah during “When the sky is split open” and “Read in the name of your Lord.”

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Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Sufyan ibn Uyaynah narrated to us, from Yahya ibn Said, from Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Hazm, from Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz, from Abu Bakr ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Harith ibn Hisham, from Abu Hurayrah: The Prophet prostrated during “When the sky is split open.” Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah said: This report is from the narrations of Yahya ibn Said; I have heard no one else mention it.

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Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Abdullah ibn Numayr narrated to us, from Ubaydullah ibn Umar, from Said ibn Abi Said, from Abu Hurayrah: A man entered the mosque and prayed while the Messenger of Allah was in one part of it. The man came over and greeted him. The Prophet replied, “And peace be upon you. Go back and pray, for you have not prayed.” He went back and prayed, then came and greeted the Prophet. He replied, “And peace be upon you. Go back and pray, for you still have not prayed.” On the third time, the man said, Teach me, Messenger of Allah. He said: “When you stand for prayer, perform ablution thoroughly, then face the qibla and say the takbir. Then recite whatever is easy for you from the Quran. Then bow until you are settled in bowing; then rise until you are settled standing; then prostrate until you are settled in prostration; then raise your head until you are sitting upright. Then do that throughout your prayer.”

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Muhammad ibn Bashshar narrated to us: Abu Asim narrated to us: Abd al-Hamid ibn Jafar narrated to us: Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Ata narrated to us: I heard Abu Humayd al-Saidi, in the presence of ten Companions of the Messenger of Allah, among whom was Abu Qatadah. Abu Humayd said: I know the Messenger of Allah prayer best. They said: By Allah, you were neither the one who accompanied him most nor the earliest of us in companionship. He said: That is so. They said: Then demonstrate it. He said: When the Messenger of Allah stood for prayer, he said the takbir, then raised his hands until they were level with his shoulders, and every part of his body settled in its place. Then he recited, said the takbir, and raised his hands until they were level with his shoulders. Then he bowed, placing his palms on his knees and leaning on them, without lowering or raising his head, but keeping it level. Then he said, Allah hears whoever praises Him, and raised his hands until they were level with his shoulders, until every bone returned to its place. Then he descended to the ground, keeping his arms away from his sides. He raised his head, bent his left leg, and sat on it, spreading the toes of his feet when he prostrated. Then he prostrated, said the takbir, and sat on his left leg until every bone returned to its place. Then he stood and did the same in the next rakah. When he stood after two rakahs, he raised his hands until they were level with his shoulders, as he had done at the beginning of the prayer. Then he prayed the rest of his prayer in this way. When he reached the final prostration, after which he would say the salutation, he moved one leg back and sat on his left side in tawarruk. They said: You have spoken the truth. This is how the Messenger of Allah used to pray.

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Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Abdah ibn Sulayman narrated to us, from Harithah ibn Abi al-Rijal, from Amrah, who said: I asked Aishah how the Messenger of Allah prayed. She said: When the Prophet performed ablution, he would say the name of Allah as he put his hands in the vessel, and he would perform ablution thoroughly. Then he would stand facing the qibla, say the takbir, and raise his hands to shoulder level. He would bow, place his hands on his knees, and hold his upper arms away from his sides. Then he would raise his head, straighten his back, and stand a little longer than you stand. Then he would prostrate, place his hands facing the qibla, and hold his upper arms away from his sides as far as I saw. Then he would raise his head, sit on his left foot, and keep his right foot upright. He disliked leaning over onto his left side.