The Book on Salat (Prayer)

كتاب الصلاة

Chapter 174: What Has Been Related About Performing Many Bowings and Prostrations [And Its Virtues]

Ma'dan bin Talhah Al Yamari said

"I met Thawban the freed slave of Allah's Messenger (S) and said to him, 'Guide me to a deed by which Allah benefit me, and for which Allah will admit me into Paradise.' He was silent for quite a while, then he turned to me and said: 'Perform prostrations, for I heard Allah's Messenger (S) saying: 'No worshipper performs a prostration to Allah except that by it, Allah will raise him a level, and erase a sin from him for it.'"

Madan [bin Talhah] said

"I met Abu Ad-Darda, and I asked him what I had asked Thawban, so he said: 'Perform prostrations, for I heard Allah's Messenger saying: 'No worshipper performs a prostration to Allah except that by it Allah will raise him a level, and erase a sin from him for it.'"

Chapter 175: What Has Been Related About Killing The Two Black Things In Salat

Abu Hurairah narrated

"Allah's Messenger (S) ordered killing the two black things in Salat; the snake and the scorpion."

Chapter 176: What Has Been Related About The Prostrations Of As-Sahw Before The Salaam

There is a narrated with another chain that Abu Hurairah and ['Abdullah bin] As-Sa'id Al-Qari' would perform the prostrations of As-Sahw before the Taslim.Abu 'Eisa said

Ahmad and Ishaq said: "When a man stands up after two Rak'ah, then he performs the prostrations for As-Sahw before the Salam according to the Hadith of Ibn Buhainah."

'Abdullah bin Buhainah is 'Abdullah bin Malik [so he is] Ibn Buhainah (because) Malik is his father and Buhainah is his mother.

I was informed of this by Ishaq bin Mansur from 'Ali [bin 'Abdullah] bin Al-Madini.

Abu 'Eisa said: The people of knowledge differ over when a man is to perform the prostrations of As-Sahw, is it before the Salam or after it. Some of them thought that her performs them after the Salam. This is the view of Sufyan Ath-Thawri and the people of Al-Kufah. Some of them said he performs them before the Salam. This is the view of most of the Fuqaha among the people of Al-Madinah, like Yahya bin Sa'eed, Rabi'ah, and others. This is also the saying of Ash-Shafi'i.

Some of them said when he adds to the Salat, then it is after the Salam, and when he leaves something out, then before the Salam. This is the view of Malik bin Anas.

Ahmad said: "Whatever is reported from the Prophet (ﷺ) about the prostrations from As-Sahw then it is acted upon in either case." He saw that when one stands after Rak'ah then according to the Hadith of Ibn Buhainah, he is to perform the prostrations before the Salam. When he prays five for Zuhr, then performs the prostrations after the Salam, and if he says Salam after two Rak'ahs of Zuhr or 'Asr then he performs the prostrations after the Salam. All of them are to be acted upon depending upon the case, and in the cases where nothing is reported from the Prophet (ﷺ), then two prostrations are performed for As-Sahw before the Salam.

Ishaq said the same as Ahmad about all of this, with the exception that he said that for every case of As-Sahw that is not mentioned from the Prophet (ﷺ), then if it is an addition to the Salat, then prostrations are performed after the Salam, and if it is something that was left out, then the prostrations are performed before the Salam.

Chapter 177: What Has Been Related About The Prostrations For As-Sahw After The Salam, And Talking

Abdullah bin Masud narrated

"The Prophet (S) prayed five (Rakah) for Zuhr, so it was said to him: 'Has the prayer been added to, or have you merely forgotten?' So he (S) performed two prostrations after he had said the Salam."

Abdullah (bin Masud) narrated

"The Prophet (S) performed two prostrations for As-Sahw after talking."

Abu Hurairah narrated

"The Prophet (S) performed two prostrations after the Salam."

Chapter 178: What Has Been Related About The Tashah-hud In The Case Of The Prostrations Of As-Sahw

Abu Al-Muhallab narrated from Imran bin Husain that

the Prophet (S) led them in Salat he forgot (something) so he performed two prostrations, then the Tashah-hud, then the Salam.

Chapter 179: Regarding One Who Has Doubts Over Addition Or A Omission

Iyad bin Hilal said

"I said to Abu Sa'eed: 'One of us performs Salat and we do not know how (much) we prayed.' So he said: 'Allah's Messenger (S) said: "When one of you performs Salat and he does now know how (much) he prayed then let him perform two prostrations while he is sitting."

Abu Hurairah narrated that

Allah's Messenger (S) said: "Indeed the Shaitan comes to one of you in his Salat confusing him until he does now know how much he has prayed. When one of you experiences that then let him perform two prostrations while sitting."

Abdur-Rahman bi Awf narrated that he heard the Prophet (S) saying

"When one of you becomes forgetful in his Salat so that he does not know if he prayed one or two, then let him consider it one. When he does not know if he prayed three or four, then let him consider it three, and let him perform two prostrations before he says the Taslim."

Chapter 180: What Has Been Related About A Man Who Says The Taslim After Two Rakah During The Zuhr Or Asr Prayers

Abu Hurairah narrated

"The Prophet (S) turned (finished the prayer) after two (Rak'ah), so Dhul-Yadain said: 'Has the prayer been shortened or have you forgotten O Messenger of Allah?" The Prophet (S) said: 'Is what Dhul-Yadain said the truth?' The people said yes, so Allah's Messenger (S) stood to perform the last two (Rakah) of Salat, then he said the Taslim. Then he said the Takbir and prostrated in a manner the same or longer than his (normal) prostrations."

Chapter 181: What Has Been Related About Salat In Sandals

Sa'eed bin Yazid Abu Maslamah said

"I said to Anas bin Malik: 'Would Allah's Messenger (S) perform Salat wearing his sandals?' He said: 'Yes.'"

Chapter 182: What Has Been Related About The Qunut In The Fajr Prayer

Al-Bara bin Azib narrated

"The Prophet (S) would perform the Qunut in the Subh and Maghrib prayers."

Chapter 183: [What Has Been Related] About Not Performing The Qunut

Abu Malik Al-Ashjai narrated

"I said to my father: 'O my father! You offered Salat behind Allah's Messenger (S), Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali bin Abi Talib here in Al-Kufah for about five years. Did they say the Qunut?' He said: 'It is a newly invented matter my son.'"

There is another narration from Abu Malik

There exists another narration from Abu Malik with similar meaning but with different chain.

Chapter 184: What Has Been Related About A Man Sneezing During Salat

Muadh bin Rifa'ah narrated that his father said

"I prayed behind Allah's Messenger (S). I sneezed and said: Al-Hamdulillah, hamdan kathiran tayyiban mubarakan fih, mubarakan alaihi kama yuhibbu Rabbana Wa Yarda (All praise is due to Alah, many good blessed praises, blessings for Him as our Lord loves and is pleased with.) When Allah's Messenger (S) prayed and turned (after finishing) he said: 'Who was the speaker during the Salat?' No one spoke. Then he said it a second time: 'Who was the speaker during the Salat?' But no one spoke. Then he said it a third time: 'Who was the speaker during the Salat?'" So Rifa'ah bin Rafi bin Afra said: "It was I, O Messenger of Allah (S)." He said: "What did you say?" He said: "I said: 'Al-Hamdulillah, hamdan kathiran tayyiban mubarakan fih, mubarakan alaihi kama yuhibbu Rabbana Wa Yarda. The Prophet (S) said: "By the One in Whose Hand is my soul! I saw thirty-some angels competing over which of then would ascend with it."

Chapter 185: [What Has Been Related] About The Abrogation Of Speech During The Salat

Zaid bin Arqam narrated

"We used to talk behind Allah's Messenger (S) during the Salat, a man among us would talk to his companions next to him until (the following) was revealed: And stand before Allah with obedience. (2:238) So we were ordered to be silent and prohibited from talking."

Chapter 186: What Has Been Related About Salat With Repentance

Asma bin Al-Hakam Al-Fazari said

"I heard Ali saying: 'Indeed I am a man who, when I heard a Hadith from Allah's Messenger (S) then Allah causes me to benefit from it as much as He wills for me to benefit from it. When a man among his Companions narrated to me I ask him to swear an oath to me about it, and when he swears an oath to me I trust him. And Abu Bakr narrated to me - and Abu Bakr told the truth - he said: "I heard Allah's Messenger (S) saying: 'There is no man who commits a sin, then makes Wudu, then performs Salat, then seeks forgiveness from Allah, except that Allah forgives him.' Then he recited this Ayah: Those who when they have committed Fahishah or wronged themselves with eveil, remember Allah. (3:135) until the end of the Ayah."

Chapter 187: What Has Been Related About When A Boy Is Ordered To Perform Salat

(Sabrah bin Ma'bad al-Juhni) narrated that

Allah's Messenger (S) said: "Teach the boy Salat when he is seven years old, and beat him (if he does not pray) when he is ten."