Sacrifice (Kitab Al-Dahaya)

Musaddad narrated to us: Yazid narrated to us. (A second chain:) Humayd ibn Mas’adah narrated to us: Bishr narrated to us, from Abdullah ibn Awn, from Amir Abu Ramlah, who said: Mikhnif ibn Sulaym informed us: While we were standing with the Messenger of Allah at Arafat, he said, ‘O people, every household must offer a sacrifice each year and an atirah. Do you know what the atirah is? It is what people call the Rajab sacrifice.’ Abu Dawud said: The atirah has been abrogated; this report is abrogated.

Harun ibn Abdullah narrated to us: Abdullah ibn Yazid narrated to us: Sa’id ibn Abi Ayyub narrated to me: Ayyash ibn Abbas al-Qitbani narrated to me, from Isa ibn Hilal al-Sadafi, from Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As, that the Prophet said, ‘I have been commanded to make the Day of Sacrifice a festival, which Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has appointed for this community.’ A man asked, ‘What if I can find no sacrificial animal except a female one? May I sacrifice it?’ He replied, ‘No. But you may remove some of your hair and nails, trim your moustache, and shave your pubic hair; that will complete your sacrifice before Allah, Mighty and Majestic.’

Uthman ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Sharik narrated to us, from Abu al-Hasna, from al-Hakam, from Hanash, who said: I saw Ali offering two rams as sacrifice. I asked, ‘What is this?’ He replied, ‘The Messenger of Allah instructed me to offer a sacrifice on his behalf, so I am offering one on his behalf.’

Ubayd Allah ibn Mu’adh narrated to us: My father narrated to us: Muhammad ibn Amr narrated to us: Amr ibn Muslim al-Laythi narrated to us: I heard Sa’id ibn al-Musayyab say: I heard Umm Salamah say: The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Whoever has a sacrificial animal to offer, when the crescent of Dhu al-Hijjah appears, let him not remove anything from his hair or nails until he has offered his sacrifice.’ Abu Dawud said: They differed, in the transmissions of Malik and Muhammad ibn Amr, over the name Amr ibn Muslim. Some of them said Umar, but most said Amr. Abu Dawud said: He is Amr ibn Muslim ibn Ukaymah al-Laythi al-Jundai.

Ahmad ibn Salih narrated to us: Abdullah ibn Wahb narrated to us: Haywah informed me: Abu Sakhr narrated to me, from Ibn Qusayt, from Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, from Aishah: The Messenger of Allah ordered a horned ram, black in its legs, around its eyes, and on its belly. It was brought to him, and he offered it as a sacrifice. He said, ‘Aishah, bring me the knife.’ Then he said, ‘Sharpen it with a stone.’ She did so. He took the knife and the ram, laid the ram on its side, slaughtered it, and said, ‘In the name of Allah. O Allah, accept it from Muhammad, the family of Muhammad, and the community of Muhammad.’ Then the Prophet offered it as a sacrifice.

Musa ibn Ismail narrated to us: Wuhaib narrated to us, from Ayyub, from Abu Qilabah, from Anas: The Prophet slaughtered seven camels for sacrifice while standing, with his own hand. In Madinah he offered two horned, white-mottled rams as sacrifice.

Muslim ibn Ibrahim narrated to us: Hisham narrated to us, from Qatadah, from Anas: The Prophet offered two horned, white-mottled rams as sacrifice. He slaughtered them, proclaimed Allah’s greatness, invoked Allah’s name, and placed his foot against their sides.

Ibrahim ibn Musa al-Razi narrated to us: Isa narrated to us: Muhammad ibn Ishaq narrated to us, from Yazid ibn Abi Habib, from Abu Ayyash, from Jabir ibn Abdullah, who said: On the Day of Sacrifice, the Prophet slaughtered two horned, mottled-white, castrated rams. When he positioned them for sacrifice, he said, ‘I have turned my face toward the One who originated the heavens and the earth, inclining toward the truth, and I am not one of the polytheists. Indeed, my prayer, my sacrifice, my life and my death belong to Allah, Lord of all worlds. He has no partner. This is what I have been commanded, and I am among those who submit. O Allah, it is from You and for You, on behalf of Muhammad and his community. In the name of Allah; Allah is greatest.’ Then he slaughtered them.

Yahya ibn Ma’in narrated to us: Hafs narrated to us, from Ja’far, from his father, from Abu Sa’id, who said: The Messenger of Allah used to offer as sacrifice a horned, uncastrated ram, black around its eyes, black around its mouth, and black on its legs.

Ahmad ibn Abi Shu’ayb al-Harrani narrated to us: Zuhayr ibn Mu’awiyah narrated to us: Abu al-Zubayr narrated to us, from Jabir, who said: The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Do not slaughter except a mature animal, unless that is difficult for you; in that case, slaughter a young sheep.’

Muhammad ibn Sudran narrated to us: Abd al-A’la ibn Abd al-A’la narrated to us: Muhammad ibn Ishaq narrated to us: Umarah ibn Abdullah ibn Tu’mah narrated to me, from Sa’id ibn al-Musayyab, from Zayd ibn Khalid al-Juhani, who said: The Messenger of Allah distributed sacrificial animals among his Companions and gave me a young male goat, a jadha’. I returned to him with it and said, ‘It is a jadha’.’ He said, ‘Offer it as a sacrifice.’ So I sacrificed it.

Al-Hasan ibn Ali narrated to us: Abd al-Razzaq narrated to us: Al-Thawri narrated to us, from Asim ibn Kulayb, from his father, who said: We were with a man from among the Companions of the Prophet, a man of Banu Sulaym called Mujashi’. Sheep had become scarce, so he ordered a herald to announce: The Messenger of Allah used to say, ‘A jadha’ is sufficient in place of what a thani is sufficient for.’ Abu Dawud said: He was Mujashi’ ibn Mas’ud.

Musaddad narrated to us: Abu al-Ahwas narrated to us: Mansur narrated to us, from al-Sha’bi, from al-Bara’, who said: The Messenger of Allah addressed us on the Day of Sacrifice, after the prayer, and said, ‘Whoever has prayed as we pray and performed the sacrifice as we perform it has done the sacrifice correctly. Whoever offers the sacrifice before the prayer, that is only meat.’ Abu Burdah ibn Niyar stood up and said, ‘Messenger of Allah, by Allah, I slaughtered mine before going out to the prayer. I knew that today was a day of eating and drinking, so I hurried, ate some myself, and fed my family and neighbors.’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘That is only meat.’ He said, ‘I have a young female goat, a jadha’, which is better than two animals slaughtered just for meat. Will it suffice for me?’ He said, ‘Yes, but it will not suffice for anyone after you.’

Musaddad narrated to us: Khalid narrated to us, from Mutarrif, from Amir, from al-Bara ibn Azib, who said: A maternal uncle of mine, called Abu Burdah, offered a sacrifice before the prayer. The Messenger of Allah said to him, ‘Your sheep is only meat.’ He said, ‘Messenger of Allah, I have a domestic young goat, a jadha’.’ He said, ‘Slaughter it, but it will not suffice for anyone besides you.’

Hafs ibn Umar al-Namari narrated to us: Shu’bah narrated to us, from Sulayman ibn Abd al-Rahman, from Ubayd ibn Fayruz, who said: I asked al-Bara ibn Azib, ‘What defects make sacrificial animals unsuitable?’ He said: The Messenger of Allah stood among us. My fingers and fingertips are shorter than his. He said, ‘Four kinds are not suitable for sacrifice: an animal clearly blind in one eye; one clearly sick; one clearly lame; and an emaciated one with no marrow in its bones.’ I said, ‘I also dislike an animal with a defect in its teeth.’ He said, ‘Leave what you dislike, but do not declare it forbidden for anyone.’ Abu Dawud said: It has no marrow.

Ibrahim ibn Musa al-Razi narrated to us. He said: [A second chain:] Ali ibn Bahr ibn Barri narrated to us: Isa narrated to us—the meaning is the same—from Thawr. Abu Humayd al-Ru’ayni narrated to me: Yazid, Dhu Misr, informed me: I came to Utbah ibn Abd al-Sulami and said, ‘Abu al-Walid, I went out looking for sacrificial animals and found nothing that pleased me except a toothless animal, but I disliked it. What do you think?’ He said, ‘Why did you not bring it to me?’ I said, ‘Glory be to Allah! It is suitable for you but not for me?’ He said, ‘Yes, because you have doubts and I have no doubt. The Messenger of Allah only forbade the musaffarah, the musta’salah, the bakqa’, the mushayya’ah, and the kasra’. The musaffarah is one whose ear has been cut all the way through until its inner passage shows. The musta’salah is one whose horn has been cut off at the root. The bakqa’ is one whose eye has been gouged. The mushayya’ah is one so thin and weak that it cannot keep up with the flock. The kasra’ is the lame one.’

Abdullah ibn Muhammad al-Nufayli narrated to us: Zuhayr narrated to us: Abu Ishaq narrated to us, from Shurayh ibn al-Nu’man—a trustworthy man—from Ali, who said: The Messenger of Allah instructed us to inspect the eyes and ears carefully, and not to offer in sacrifice a one-eyed animal, one with a cut at the front of its ear, one with a cut at the back, one with a perforated ear, or one with a split ear. Zuhayr said: I asked Abu Ishaq, ‘Did he mention an animal with a broken horn?’ He said, ‘No.’ I asked, ‘What is the muqabalah?’ He said, ‘The tip of its ear is cut.’ I asked, ‘What is the mudabarah?’ He said, ‘A piece is cut from the back of its ear.’ I asked, ‘What is the sharqa’?’ He said, ‘Its ear is split.’ I asked, ‘What is the kharqa’?’ He said, ‘Its ear is pierced as a distinguishing mark.’

Muslim ibn Ibrahim narrated to us: Hisham ibn Abi Abdullah al-Dastawa’i narrated to us—he is also called Hisham ibn Sanbar—from Qatadah, from Jurayy ibn Kulayb, from Ali: The Prophet prohibited offering as sacrifice an animal with a mutilated ear or horn. Abu Dawud said: Jurayy was a Sadusi from Basrah. No one narrated from him except Qatadah.

Musaddad narrated to us: Yahya narrated to us: Hisham narrated to us, from Qatadah, who said: I asked Sa’id ibn al-Musayyab, ‘What is al-a’dab?’ He replied, ‘Half or more than half.’