Hajj

كتاب الحج

Chapter 4: The Etiquettes of Ihram

Ibn 'Umar (RAA) narrated, ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to start saying the Talbiyah. (after entering the state of Ihram) from the mosque of Dhul Hulaifa (i.e. from the Miqat of Madinah). Agreed upon.

Khallad bin as-Sa’ib narrated on the authority of his father, ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

“Jibril (peace be upon him) came to me and told me: ‘Command your Companions to raise their voices when saying Talbiyah.” Related by the five Imams and rendered authentic by At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Hibban.

Zaid bin Thabit (RAA) narrated, ‘When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) intended to make Ihram for Hajj, he would wash, and take off his ordinary clothes (and put on his white Ihram)." Related by At-Tirmidhi who declared it to be Hadith-Hasan.

Ibn 'Umar (RAA) narrated, ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was asked about what the person who is in a state of Ihram (Muhrim) should wear. He answered, "A person in the state of Ihram. is not allowed to wear a sewn shirt, a turban, trousers, a hooded robe, shoes or sewn slippers (Khuff), unless one is unable to find unsown slippers, then he may wear his Khuff or shoes provided one cuts them below the ankles, and you must not wear clothing that has been dyed with sweet smelling fragrance (such as saffron).” Agreed upon, and the wording is from Muslim.

A’ishah (RAA) narrated, ‘I used to apply perfume to the Prophet (ﷺ) when he intended to enter the state of Ihram, before he put on his Ihram (garments). And again when he ended his state of Ihram, but before he had made Tawaf around the Ka’bah.' Agreed upon.

'Uthman bin ’Affan (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

“A Muhrim (one in the state of Ihram) must not contract marriage, nor help others contract marriage, nor get engaged to marry." Related by Muslim.

Abu Qatadah Al-Ansari (RAA) narrated concerning his hunting a zebra while he is not in a state of Ihram, that ‘Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said to Abu Qatada’s companions -who were in a state of Ihram, "Did any one of you ask Abu Qatadah to attack the herd, or point it out to him?" They said, ‘No.’ The Prophet then said, "Then, you may eat what is left of the quarry." Agreed upon.

As-Sa'b bin Jath-thamah al-Laithi (RAA) narrated, ‘He presented to the Prophet (ﷺ) the meat of a zebra while he was in the area known as al-Abwa’ or Waddan. The Prophet (ﷺ) declined it, and said to him, “We declined your present only because we are in the state of Ihram." Agreed upon.

A’ishah (RAA) narrated ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

"Five kinds of animals are vicious and harmful, and they may be killed outside or inside the sacred area of Ihram (Sanctuary). These are: the scorpion, the kite, the crow, the mouse, and the rabid dog.” Agreed upon.

Ibn 'Abbas (RAA) narrated, ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had himself cupped while he was in the state of Ihram Agreed upon.

Ka'b bin 'Ujrah (RAA) narrated, ‘I was carried to the Prophet (ﷺ) and the lice were falling over my face. He said, “I did not know that your disease is hurting you as much as what I see. Can you sacrifice a sheep?” I said, ‘No.’ He then said. “Fast for three days or feed six poor people, half a Sa’ each.” Agreed upon.

Abu Hurairah (RAA) narrated, ‘When Allah, the Most High granted His Messenger (ﷺ) victory on the conquest of Makkah, the Prophet (ﷺ) addressed the people, so he glorified Allah and praised Him, and said, "Allah withheld the elephant from Makkah and empowered His Messenger and the believers over it. It has not been made lawful (i.e. fighting in it) for anyone before me, but it has been lawful for me only for a few hours on that day (of the conquest), and it will not be made lawful to anyone after me (to enter it lighting). Its wild game must not be frightened, its thorns are not to be cut. No one is allowed to pick up lost articles (Luqatah) unless he announces it (what he has found) publicly (in order to return it to the owner). If anyone has someone murdered inside its boundaries, then he has the choice of the best of two options (i.e. either to accept compensation, i.e. blood money or to retaliate). Al-'Abbas then said, ‘Except for the Idhkhar (a kind of nice smelling grass, which is used by goldsmiths and burnt in households.)

'Abdullah bin Zaid bin ’Asim (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah said, "Ibrahim declared Makkah as a Haram (Sanctuary) and made supplication for its people, and I declare Madinah to be a Haram just as Ibrahim declared Makkah as a Haram, and I made supplication for its Mudd and Sa’ (refer to hadith no. 650), just as Ibrahim made supplication for the people of Makkah." Agreed upon.

’Ali bin Abi Talib (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

"Madinah is a Haram (Sanctuary) and its Sacred Precincts extend from ’Air to Thawr (the names of two mountains).” Related by Muslim.

Chapter 5: Description of Hajj Rituals and Entering Makka

Jabir bin 'Abdullah (RAA) narrated, ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) performed Hajj (on the 10th year of Hijrah), and we set out with him (to perform Hajj). When we reached Dhul-Hulaifah, Asma` bint 'Umais gave birth to Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr. She sent a message to the Prophet (ﷺ) (asking him what she should do). He said, "Take a bath, bandage your private parts and make the intention for Ahram." The Prophet (ﷺ) then prayed in the mosque and then mounted al-Qaswa (his she-camel) and it stood erect with him on its back at al-Baida’ (the place where he started his Ihram). He then started pronouncing the Talbiyuh, saying

"Labbaika Allahumma labbaik labbaika la sharika laka labbaik, innal hamda wan-ni’mata laka wal mulk, la sharika lak (O Allah! I hasten to You. You have no partner. I hasten to You. All praise and grace is Yours and all Sovereignty too; You have no partner). When we came with him to the House (of Allah), he placed his hands on the Black Stone (Hajar al Aswad) and kis+sed it. He then started to make seven circuits (round the Ka’bah), doing ramal (trotting) in three of them and walking (at his normal pace) four other circuits. Then going to the place of Ibrahim (Maqam Ibrahim), there he prayed two rak'at. He then returned to the Black Stone (Hajar al Aswad) placed his hands on it and kissed it. Then he went out of the gate to Safa, and as he approached it, he recited: “Verily as-Safa and Marwah are among the signs appointed by Allah,"(2:158), adding, “I begin with what Allah began." He first mounted as-Safa until he saw the House, and facing the Qiblah he declared the Oneness of Allah and glorified Him and said: ‘La ilaha illa-llah wahdahu la sharika lahu, lahul mulk wa lahul hamd, wa huwa 'ala kulli shai’in qadeer, la ilaha illa-llahu wahdahu anjaza wa'dahu, wa nas ara 'abdahu, wa hazamal ahzaba wahdah’ (There is no God but Allah, He is One, and has no partner. His is the dominion, and His is the praise and He has Power over all things. There is no God but Allah alone, Who fulfilled His promise, helped His servant and defeated the confederates alone.") He said these words three times making supplications in between. He then descended and walked towards Marwah, and when his feet touched the bottom of the valley, he ran; and when he began to ascend, he walked (at his normal pace) until he reached Marwah. There he did as he had done at Safa…. When it was the day of Tarwiyah (8th of Dhul-Hijjah) they went to Mina and put on the Ihram for Hajj and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) rode his mount, and there he led the Dhur (noon), ‘Asr (afternoon), Maghrib (sunset), ‘Isha and Fajr (dawn) prayers. He then waited a little until the sun had risen, and commanded that a tent be pitched at Namirah (close to Arafat). The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), continued on until he came to Arafah and he found that the tent had been pitched for him at Namirah. There he got down until the sun had passed its meridian; he commanded that al-Qaswa’ be brought and saddled for him, then he came to the bottom of the valley, and addressed the people with the well-known sermon Khutbat al-Wada (the Farewell Sermon). Then the Adhan was pronounced and later on the Iqamah and the Prophet led the Dhuhr (noon) prayer. Then another Iqamah was pronounced and the Prophet led the Asr (afternoon) prayer and he observed no other prayer in between the two. The Messenger of Allah then mounted his camel and came to the place where he was to stay. He made his she-camel, al-Qaswa turn towards the rocky side, with the pedestrian path lying in front of him. He faced the Qiblah, and stood there until the sun set, and the yellow light diminished somewhat, and the disc of the sun totally disappeared. He pulled the nose string of al-Qaswa’ so forcefully that its head touched the saddle (in order to keep her under perfect control), and pointing with his right hand, advised the people to be moderate (in speed) saying: “O people! Calmness! Calmness!" Whenever he passed over an elevated tract of land, he slightly loosened the nose-string of his camel until she climbed up. This is how he reached al-Muzdalifah. There he led the Maghrib (sunset) and Isha prayers with one Adhan, and two lqamas, and did not pray any optional prayers in between them. The Messenger of Allah then lay down until dawn and then offered the Fajr (dawn) prayer with an Adhan and an Iqamah when the morning light was clear. He again mounted al-Qaswa’, and when he came to Al-Mash‘ar Al-Haram (The Sanctuary Landmark, which is a small mountain at al-Muzdalifah) he faced the Qiblah, and supplicated to Allah, Glorified Him, and pronounced His Uniqueness and Oneness, and kept standing until the daylight was very clear. Then he set off quickly before the sun rose, until he came to the bottom of the valley of Muhassir where he urged her (al·Qaswa’) a little. He followed the middle road, which comes out at the greatest Jamarah (one of the three stoning sites called Jamrat-ul ‘Aqabah), he came to Jamarah which is near the tree. At this he threw seven small pebbles, saying, Allahu Akbar` while throwing each of them in a manner in which small pebbles are thrown (holding them with his fingers) and this he did while at the bottom of the valley. He then went to the Place of sacrifice, and sacrificed sixty-three (camels) with his own hand (he brought 100 camels with him and he asked ’Ali to sacrifice the rest). The Messenger of Allah again rode and came to the House (of Allah), where he performed Tawaf al-Ifada and offered the Dhuhr prayer at Makkah….’ Muslim transmitted this hadith through a very long narration describing the full details of the Hajj of the Prophet

Khuzaimah bin Thabit (RAA) narrated, ‘When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) finished his Talbiyah whether in Hajj or 'Umrah, he would ask Allah for His good pleasure and acceptance and ask Him for Paradise, and would seek refuge in Him from Hell.’ Related by Ash-Shafi'i with a weak chain of narrators.

Jabir (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

"I have offered my sacrifice here (at Mina) and all of Mina is a place for slaughtering, so sacrifice where you are staying (at Mina). And I have stopped here (at Arafat) and all of Arafat is a stopping place (for the Day of Arafat on the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah). And I have stood here, and all of Jam' (meaning al·Muzdalifah) is a place for standing.” Related by Muslim.

A’ishah (RAA) narrated, ‘When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came to Makkah, he entered from its higher side (a place now called al-Mu'alla gate) and went out from its lower side (now called Kuda).’ Agreed upon.

Whenever Ibn 'Umar (RAA) came to Makkah he would spend the night at Dhi Tuwa valley (near Makkah), and in the morning he would bathe. ‘Ibn 'Umar used to say that this is what the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), used to do.’ Agreed upon.

Ibn 'Abbas (RAA) narrated that he used to kiss the Black Stone and prostrate himself on it. Related by Al-Hakim and Al-Baihaqi.