The Chapters on Jihad

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad narrated to us: Abū al-Ḥusayn informed us: Rajāʾ ibn Abī Salamah narrated to us: ʿAmr ibn Shuʿayb narrated to us, from his father, from his grandfather, who said: “After the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, there was no extra share; the Muslims would make their strong support their weak.” Rajāʾ said: Then I heard Sulaymān ibn Mūsā say to him: “Makḥūl narrated to me, from Ḥabīb ibn Maslamah, that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, granted a quarter on the initial expedition and a third when returning.” ʿAmr said: “I am narrating to you from my father, from my grandfather, and you are narrating to me from Makḥūl?”

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad narrated to us: Abū Muʿāwiyah narrated to us, from ʿUbayd Allāh ibn ʿUmar, from Nāfiʿ, from Ibn ʿUmar, that on the day of Khaybar the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, allotted three shares to the horse: two shares for the horse and one for the man.

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad narrated to us: Wakīʿ narrated to us: Hishām ibn Saʿd narrated to us, from Muḥammad ibn Zayd ibn Muhājir ibn Qunfudh, who said: I heard ʿUmayr, the client of Āl Abī al-Laḥm—Wakīʿ said he did not eat meat—say: I campaigned with my master on the day of Khaybar while I was enslaved. He did not allot me a share of the spoils, but I was given a sword from among the discarded belongings. I used to drag it whenever I slung it over my shoulder.

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated to us: ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn Sulaymān narrated to us, from Hishām, from Ḥafṣah bint Sīrīn, from Umm ʿAṭiyyah al-Anṣāriyyah, who said: I campaigned with the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, on seven campaigns. I would stay behind with their belongings, prepare food for them, tend the wounded, and care for the sick.

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī al-Khallāl narrated to us: Abū Usāmah narrated to us: ʿAṭiyyah ibn al-Ḥārith Abū Rawq al-Hamdānī narrated to me: Abū al-Gharīf ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Khalīfah narrated to me, from Ṣafwān ibn ʿAssāl, who said: The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, sent us on a detachment and said: “Set out in the name of God and in the path of God. Fight those who disbelieve in God, but do not mutilate, do not betray, do not misappropriate, and do not kill a child.”

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā narrated to us: Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf al-Firyābī narrated to us: Sufyān narrated to us, from ʿAlqamah ibn Marthad, from Ibn Buraydah, from his father, who said: Whenever the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, appointed a man over a detachment, he would counsel him privately to fear God and to treat the Muslims with him well. He would say: “Set out in the name of God and in the path of God. Fight those who disbelieve in God, but do not betray, misappropriate, mutilate, or kill a child. When you meet your enemy among the polytheists, invite them to one of three matters—or options—and whichever they accept, accept it from them and leave them alone. Invite them to Islam; if they accept, accept it from them and leave them alone. Then invite them to move from their land to the Land of the Emigrants, and tell them that if they do so, they will have what the Emigrants have and bear what the Emigrants bear. If they refuse, tell them they will be like the Muslim Bedouins: the ruling of God that applies to the believers will apply to them, but they will have no share of the fayʾ or booty unless they strive alongside the Muslims. If they refuse to enter Islam, ask them to pay the jizyah. If they do so, accept it from them and leave them alone. If they refuse, seek the help of God against them and fight them. If you besiege a fortress and its people ask you to grant them a covenant of God and the covenant of His Prophet, do not grant them a covenant of God or the covenant of His Prophet. Instead, grant them your covenant, and the covenant of your father and your companions; for if you break your covenant and the covenants of your fathers, that is easier for you than breaking the covenant of God and the covenant of His Messenger. If you besiege a fortress and its people ask to surrender under the judgment of God, do not make them surrender under the judgment of God; make them surrender under your judgment, for you do not know whether you will reach the judgment of God concerning them or not.” ʿAlqamah said: I related this to Muqātil ibn Ḥayyān, and he said: Muslim ibn Hayṣam narrated to me, from al-Nuʿmān ibn Muqarrin, from the Prophet, a similar report.

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah and ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad narrated to us, both saying: Wakīʿ narrated to us: al-Aʿmash narrated to us, from Abū Ṣāliḥ, from Abū Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Whoever obeys me has obeyed God, and whoever disobeys me has disobeyed God. Whoever obeys the leader has obeyed me, and whoever disobeys the leader has disobeyed me.”

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Muḥammad ibn Bashshār and Abū Bishr Bakr ibn Khalaf narrated to us, both saying: Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd narrated to us: Shuʿbah narrated to us: Abū al-Tayyāḥ narrated to me, from Anas ibn Mālik, who said: The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Listen and obey, even if an Abyssinian slave whose head is like a raisin is appointed over you.”

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated to us: Wakīʿ ibn al-Jarrāḥ narrated to us, from Shuʿbah, from Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥuṣayn, from his grandmother Umm al-Ḥuṣayn, who said: I heard the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, say: “If a mutilated Abyssinian slave is appointed over you, listen to him and obey him as long as he leads you according to the Book of God.”

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Muḥammad ibn Bashshār narrated to us: Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar narrated to us: Shuʿbah narrated to us, from Abū ʿImrān al-Jawnī, from ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Ṣāmit, from Abū Dharr, who reached al-Rabadhah when the prayer had been established and found a man leading them. Someone said: “This is Abū Dharr.” He began to step back, but Abū Dharr said: “My beloved, peace and blessings be upon him, instructed me to listen and obey, even if the leader is an Abyssinian slave with mutilated limbs.”

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated to us: Yazīd ibn Hārūn narrated to us: Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr narrated to us, from ʿUmar ibn al-Ḥakam ibn Thawbān, from Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī, that the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, sent ʿAlqamah ibn Mujazziz in command of an expedition, and I was among them. When he reached the far end of the campaign, or was at some point along the way, a group of the army asked his permission to separate, and he allowed them, appointing ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ḥudhāfah ibn Qays al-Sahmī over them. I was among those who campaigned with him. At some point along the way, the men lit a fire to warm themselves or cook something over it. ʿAbd Allāh, who was playful, said: “Do I not have authority to command and be obeyed?” They said: “Yes.” He said: “Whatever I command you to do, you will do it?” They said: “Yes.” He said: “Then I insist that you leap into this fire!” Some men stood up and girded themselves. When he thought they were about to leap, he said: “Hold yourselves back; I was only joking with you.” When we returned, they mentioned this to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and he said: “Whoever among them commands you to disobey God, do not obey him.”

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Muḥammad ibn Rumḥ informed us: al-Layth ibn Saʿd informed us, from ʿUbayd Allāh ibn ʿUmar, from Nāfiʿ, from Ibn ʿUmar. Ḥ Muḥammad ibn al-Ṣabbāḥ and Suwayd ibn Saʿīd narrated to us, both saying: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Rajāʾ al-Makkī narrated to us, from ʿUbayd Allāh, from Nāfiʿ, from Ibn ʿUmar, that the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “A Muslim must listen and obey in what he likes and dislikes, unless he is commanded to disobey God. Whoever is commanded to disobey God must neither listen nor obey.”

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Suwayd ibn Saʿīd narrated to us: Yaḥyā ibn Sulaym narrated to us. Ḥ Hishām ibn ʿAmmār narrated to us: Ismāʿīl ibn ʿAyyāsh narrated to us. They said: ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUthmān ibn Khuthaym narrated to us, from al-Qāsim ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Masʿūd, from his father, from his grandfather ʿAbd Allāh ibn Masʿūd, that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Men will govern you after me who extinguish the Sunnah, practice innovation, and delay the prayer beyond its appointed times.” I said: “Messenger of God, if I live to see them, what should I do?” He said: “You ask me, son of Umm ʿAbd, what you should do? There is no obedience to one who disobeys God.”

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad narrated to us: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Idrīs narrated to us, from Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq, Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd, ʿUbayd Allāh ibn ʿUmar, and Ibn ʿAjlān, from ʿUbādah ibn al-Walīd ibn ʿUbādah ibn al-Ṣāmit, from his father, from ʿUbādah ibn al-Ṣāmit, who said: We pledged allegiance to the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, to listen and obey in hardship and ease, in what we found pleasing and displeasing, and even when others were favored over us; not to dispute authority with those entitled to it; and to speak the truth wherever we were, fearing no blame for the sake of God.

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Hishām ibn ʿAmmār narrated to us: al-Walīd ibn Muslim narrated to us: Saʿīd ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Tanūkhī narrated to us, from Rabīʿah ibn Yazīd, from Abū Idrīs al-Khawlānī, from Abū Muslim, who said: The beloved and trusted one told me—he is beloved to me and trusted in my view—ʿAwf ibn Mālik al-Ashjaʿī, who said: We were with the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, seven, eight, or nine people, when he said: “Will you not pledge allegiance to the Messenger of God?” We stretched out our hands, and someone said: “Messenger of God, we have already pledged allegiance to you; what shall we pledge to you now?” He said: “That you worship God and associate nothing with Him, establish the five prayers, listen and obey”—and he whispered a word privately—“and ask nothing of people.” He said: I saw some of those men drop their whips, and they would not ask anyone to hand them to them.

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad narrated to us: Wakīʿ narrated to us: Shuʿbah narrated to us, from ʿAttāb, the client of Hurmuz, who said: I heard Anas ibn Mālik say: We pledged allegiance to the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, to listen and obey. He said: “To the extent you are able.”

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Muḥammad ibn Rumḥ informed us: al-Layth ibn Saʿd informed us, from Abū al-Zubayr, from Jābir, who said: A slave came and pledged allegiance to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to emigrate. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not realize that he was a slave. His master came looking for him, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sell him to me. He bought him for two black slaves. After that, he did not accept a pledge from anyone until asking that person whether he was a slave.

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah, ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad, and Aḥmad ibn Sinān narrated to us, all saying: Abū Muʿāwiyah narrated to us, from al-Aʿmash, from Abū Ṣāliḥ, from Abū Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “There are three whom God will neither speak to, nor look at, nor purify on the Day of Resurrection, and they will have a painful punishment: a man with surplus water in a wasteland who withholds it from a traveler; a man who makes a sale to another after the afternoon prayer, swears by God that he paid such-and-such for it, and the buyer believes him although he is lying; and a man who pledges allegiance to a leader only for worldly gain, fulfilling his pledge if he gives him some, but not fulfilling it if he does not.”

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated to us: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Idrīs narrated to us, from Ḥasan ibn Furāt, from his father, from Abū Ḥāzim, from Abū Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The Children of Israel were governed by their prophets: whenever a prophet passed away, another succeeded him. There will be no prophet after me among you.” They said: “What will there be, Messenger of God?” He said: “There will be successors, and they will be many.” They said: “What should we do?” He said: “Fulfill allegiance to each one in turn, give them what is due from you, and God, Mighty and Majestic, will ask them about what is due from them.”

Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.

Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Numayr narrated to us: Abū al-Walīd narrated to us: Shuʿbah narrated to us. Ḥ Muḥammad ibn Bashshār narrated to us: Ibn Abī ʿAdī narrated to us, from Shuʿbah, from al-Aʿmash, from Abū Wāʾil, from ʿAbd Allāh, who said: The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “On the Day of Resurrection, a banner will be raised for every betrayer, and it will be said: This is the betrayal of so-and-so.”